![]() ![]() 2013 Feb 34(2):98-107.Advanced Accelerator Applications ( AAA or Adacap) is a France-based pharmaceutical group, specialized in the field of nuclear medicine. Single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography in the evaluation of neuroendocrine tumours: a review of the literature. Lu SJ, Gnanasegaran G, Buscombe J, Navalkissoor S. 2009 90(2):184-9.īalon HR, Goldsmith SJ, Siegel BA, Silberstein EB, Krenning EP, Lang O, Donohoe KJ, Society of Nuclear Medicine Procedure guideline for somatostatin receptor scintigraphy with (111)In-pentetreotide. European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the Standards of Care in Neuroendocrine Tumors: somatostatin receptor imaging with (111)In-pentetreotide. Kwekkeboom DJ, Krenning EP, Scheidhauer K, Lewington V, Lebtahi R, Grossman A, Vitek P, Sundin A, Plöckinger U, Mallorca Consensus Conference participants. Its utility in detecting medullary thyroid carcinomas and pituitary tumors is comparatively less.Ĭopyright © 2023, StatPearls Publishing LLC. An octreotide scan has shown to localize 86% carcinoids, 89% neuroblastomas, 86% pheochromocytomas, 94% paragangliomas, and 80% primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs). Gamma cameras work to detect the radioactive octreotide tracer, and that tells the location of the tumor cells. The second and newest somatostatin receptor-based imaging uses positron emitter gallium (Ga) to mark somatostatin analogs, including Ga-DOTATOC (DOTA-Tyr3-octreotide), Ga-DOTANOC (1-Nal3-octreotide) and Ga-DOTATATE (DOTA-(Tyr)-octreotate), whose uptake is measured by PET. Octreotide scan specificity and the anatomic details of SPECT/CT are thereby combined. This scan provides a planar whole-body image, which in modern medicine fuses with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and CT. ![]() There are two types of imaging based on these receptors the first and commonest is an octreotide scan utilizing 111 In-DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetate)-D-Phe-1-octreotide and binding mainly to SSTR 2 and 5. SSTR-2 shows maximum expression, followed by SSTR 1,5,3 and 4. SSTRs maximally express on well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). These receptors show their presence in the brain, pituitary, pancreas, thyroid, spleen, kidney, GIT, blood vessels, peripheral nervous system, and immune cells. Somatostatin exerts its anti-proliferative and anti-secretory function after attaching with one of the five types of somatostatin receptors (SSTR1- SSTR5), which are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). This radiolabelled tracer then attaches to the tumor cells having the receptor for somatostatin. Octreotide radiolabeling is with indium-111. Octreotide is a synthetic analog of somatostatin, which is an endogenous peptide released by neuroendocrine cells, activated immune cells, and various inflammatory cells. For the detection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, an octreotide scan has a sensitivity of 75 to 100%. Neuroendocrine cells appear in many areas, including the brain, thyroid, lungs, and GIT. This scintigraphy is useful in the detection of carcinoid tumors and various neuroendocrine tumors. ![]() Octreotide scan is also known as somatostatin receptor scintigraphy. ![]()
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